Life in the Shadow A Article

Question: Depict about the Life in the Shadow for An Article. Answer: Colossal changes in innovation have brought methods of getting things done. The proliferation of individuals has advanced particularly after of clones. Clones are duplicates of individuals with the equivalent hereditary organization. Cloning was done effectively in sheep (Dr. Wilmut 1997). Fruitful cloning was after that built up in human and was effective. It gave indistinguishable duplicates to the first individuals. This Act was extremely disputable as individuals contended whether it wasn't right or option to do cloning of person. Later the cloning was annulled in numerous nations as it was seen dishonest and with man issues. Life in the shadow was a contention that uncovered the impacts of human cloning. Right off the bat, that cloning gave the clones no decision however to live the lives of the first duplicates. On the off chance that the first duplicates carried on with an actual existence loaded with issues and not excellent, the clones had no alternative however to have same life or not have any life whatsoever. Besides, the contention proposed that clones however set up for reception to maintain a strategic distance from information on the first duplicate to the human guardians of the clone. These the two contentions are befuddling. It doesn't bode well to have a clone and spot it for selection never to see it again. Were it not for the qualities of the first duplicate the clone couldn't exist and in this manner, the life of the clone relies upon the first and ought to be valued regardless of the case. It is apparent nothing that cloning of individuals is significant in a few different ways. A fruitless couple can utilize cloning to have babies which they are identified with them hereditarily. These will enable the couple to maintain a strategic distance from relationships issues brought about by absence of youngsters. Innovation has prompted the rise of gays and lesbians' relationships and in this manner, if the couples need kids they may utilize cloning to get youngsters they are by one way or another related hereditarily, and this decreases dejection among the couples. Relationships were one of the couples has an inherited illness the cloning can enable the couple to get kids who are not wiped out with the infection. Cloning can be lifesaving as it might give organs to transplant. These goes about as a transplant benefactor protection. The patients can get the body parts from the clones since they are hereditarily indistinguishable. The organs can be the heart, eyes, lungs, and so on. (Kahn 1989). The passing of friends and family I extremely difficult and hence cloning may enable the family to get a duplicate of the dead individual, and this can comfort the family. The family can have an organization of a similar duplicate of the perished, and they may never feel the misfortune. Incredible individuals can be cloned to give their duplicates to guarantee their character characteristics are extended and utilized inside a wide range. Doing cloning is an extraordinary accomplishment has it shows the advancement of the logical information, and this is a decent motion of what developments may emerge later on. These exhibit the chance of increment clinical government assistance where all sicknesses will have a fix. Cloning has numerous difficulties in spite of the points of interest individuals see in the cutting edge world. Cloning of virtuoso and capable individuals is acceptable, yet there is no confirmation that the cloned individual will have similar traits. The clones are totally not quite the same as the first duplicates. (Thomas 1994). Cloning individuals for logical information is unscrupulous. Clones can't be human subjects of examination. These extremely off-base as they develop with no assent on the conduct and character quality. Multiplication opportunity is foremost to guarantee that the kids brought into the world allowed to control what occurs in their lives however not to be attached to activities of someone else (Walter 1982). Individuals additionally reserve an option to live not to be abused, envision individuals or government made duplicates of an individual with constrained capacities they may wind up utilizing them as slaves (Huxley 1932). Likewise, clones of abhorrence p ioneers like Hitler would make the world exceptionally serene spot. Cloning opens the clones to mental trouble. The guardians of the clones anticipate that them should carry on like the first duplicates and this may not be the situation. Issues may emerge as the clones have strain to achieve what is by the first duplicates (Rainer 1978). Cloning in creatures is effective and safe yet I don't this should be possible to the human. The man is inclined to mistake and occupancy to discover more. The hazard to clones can emerge where the specialists use them as subjects of exploration not realizing that they are individuals and merit better lives similarly as the others (Pollack 1993). Human life is consecrated and extraordinary; the rise of clones may render human life pointless as individuals can have a substitution. The clones can be utilized as substitutes if the first duplicate has issues. The legislature may execute vocal people who bring issues and make indistinguishable duplicates which they can control to their wants. Since the human life through cloning loses worth, people, and the legislature may spend more assets in cloning and disregard the basic and social need of the individuals in the general public. These can prompt poor expectations for everyday comforts and underdevelopment of nations. (work 1984 Callahan 1993). The world is brimming with business people who utilize each chance to make a market with the point of making more benefits. In the cutting edge society, cloning is for business increases, and this may debase the movement. Individuals and association may utilize the movement for monetary profit. The business world there is a deal, and we realize that the best quality items are exorbitant. Despite the fact that the expensive are the best as the client, you can get merchandise and ventures as per your pocket size. When cloning turns into a business, this may imply that the nature of clones may is little, this can make an extraordinary peril t o the clones (Turner 1981). Projects of eugenicists like Herman Mueller prior in the century to impregnate a great many ladies with the sperm of remarkable men, just as the later foundation of sperm banks of Nobel laureates, have met with almost no open premium or achievement (Adams 1990). Individuals lean toward sexual methods for proliferation, and they like to hold their organic connections to their posterity. Clones are not permitted to development unreservedly as their surprises to them. The desires that the clones with resembling the first duplicate both in regards to appearance and conduct. In the cutting edge society there are numerous indecencies, and in this manner, the clones can be utilized to carry out extortion or crimes. Putting a duplicate of an on the map individual without their assent, for instance, a pioneer might be utilized to discolor his name or do a crime with his duplicate. The clone will be used as toys and controlled with respect to the individuals' craving. The demonstration of utilizing the clones as wellsprings of body parts for human transplant is utilizing them as extra parts, and this is improper since they are individuals similarly as us with cerebrum and heart. Cloning dead individuals may damage the individuals. Envision seeing your dead companion or spouse once more, and you without a doubt covered the individual. These frightening to the general populati on. Clones and the first duplicates may have clashes. Clones appear to be comparable and with practically same practices as the first, and this may bring rivalry. Twins conceived may not appear to be comparative however nearly wind up contending as it is human instinct to feel better than the other and this may cause high perils. Individuals will in general treat clones as not human which is exceptionally off-base, before the abolishment of cloning, clones were bolted up to be utilized as extra parts to the first duplicates, and this was brutal. On account of any vanishing, are murdered subsequent to being found. In spite of the abolishment of cloning am certain it has not been done totally as clandestine cloning happens where compelling individuals attempt to make their duplicates to live long. Mankind is if loaded with devilishness and individuals consistently will in general love the denied things. It is correct that cloning is an incredible accomplishment to the universe of pres ent day science yet the issues it can cause to the world are a great deal. Constraint of cloning is important to forestall the boulevards being brimming with the comparative individual, and the capacity to separate would be unimaginable. Nations can clone more fighters, and the heartless pioneer may clone their duplicates to use for body transplant not to ever kick the bucket. It would be disastrous. Cloning is an incredible thing yet undermines the race of mankind. Through it, the individuals might be terminated. Envision the world wherein anybody has a duplicate of oneself. The clones and the first duplicates may take part in the war of prevalence. These might be a skirmish of battling our shadows. It is obscure how the clone may go up to view conduct as not all the time they are like the first clones. Researchers may make beasts not knowing, and this can be an extraordinary catastrophe to the world. Individuals are not subjects to tests as life is principal. Clones of creatures are sufficient, and researcher must be happy with that. Everything deductively adjusted has impacts and along these lines the clones may have critical impacts which can be risky. Additionally, human cloning would bring about people's worth or worth appearing to be decreased in light of the fact that we would now consider individuals to be ready to be fabricated or carefully assem bled. This making of human life would lessen our gratefulness and wonder of it and its characteristic creation. It would be a misstep, in any case, to reason that a person made by human cloning is of less worth or is less deserving of regard than one delivered by sexual propagation. The contention life in the shadow is ethically definitive as it attempts to bring up the reasons against cloning. The case gives the premise of seeing what conceptive human cloning is notwithstanding the way that it isn't top to bottom to give space for the end that it isn't right totally. Genuinely, human regenerative cloning is essential yet additionally has numerous issues that it is probably going to make in future. It ought to be along these lines watching fundamentally to see whether to be permitted in future or not. I unequivocally differ its remittance in future as a person don't follow

Oedipus Research Paper Essay

Aristotle has for quite some time been perceived for his commitments to numerous regions of society, from math and science to writing. It is asserted that Aristotle was bigot, misogynist and homophobic and that these perspectives shaded the manner in which he saw the world (Engle, 2008). From a portion of these perspectives, the unfortunate saint develops. There are a few key segments to an Oedipushaving a shocking legend. The first is that the primary character (hero) must be of honorable birth or an individual from an imperial family. Notwithstanding being of honorable ancestry, the hero must experience the ill effects of a lethal or appalling blemish. This defect isn't essential a resolve imperfection, yet rather a blemish that happens as an outcome of one’s decisions or activities. A disastrous saint will advance the sentiments of pity or dread and cause the peruser and crowd to relate to the principle character. Also, at long last, the crowd or peruser must experience â€Å"Catharsis†. Cleansing is an inclination of calm that the primary character had his come-uppance and was cut down. It's anything but a sentiment of wretchedness or trouble over the destiny of the aristocrat. Kennedy (pages 856-858). To expand, the aristocrat must be of high home that gives him a position of pride. The tumble from this pride causes the occasion to appear to be to a greater extent a cataclysm in that it includes something other than the fundamental character. A fall that influences a whole country or individuals is frequently the aftereffect of a nobleman’s fall. The primary character is unquestionably no superman; he is unsteady and has a shortcoming of character that prompts his end. Kennedy (pages 856-858) According to Aristotle, the perfect deplorable legend is characterized as: â€Å"There stays then the man who involves the mean among righteousness and degeneracy. He isn't extra-conventional in excellence and exemplary nature but then doesn't fall into horrible luck as a result of malice and devilishness but since of some hamartia of a sort found in men of high notoriety and favorable luck, for example, Oedipus and Thyestes and well known men of comparative families. † Adade-Yeboah, et al (2012). The following piece of a heartbreaking hero’s job is that of acknowledgment or disclosure. This part incorporates the disclosure of some earlier obscure reality or component to uncover the genuine personality of the fundamental character. The disclosure might be because of the activities of the primary character or due to those of a minor character. They may as of now be known by the peruser or the crowd, in this way settling on a portion of the decisions the character makes horrendously oblivious. Regularly, when the disclosure has been made, it prompts an inversion. An inversion is basically an activity that has the contrary impact from the one expected. This inversion might be expected to some degree to the lamentable or deadly defect of the hero. Kennedy (pages 856-858) Finally, there is the dread and pity that is stirred in the crowd and/or peruser. Despite the fact that most may feel like the fundamental character merited the final products, there is as yet a feeling of pity or distress that they should endure and hurt to such an extent. Since we have taken a gander at the regular necessities for a disastrous saint, we will take a gander at King Oedipus as the heartbreaking legend. Ruler Oedipus was revered by the individuals of Thebes. They considered him to be astute and came to him to look for help and guidance when their city was languishing. He has liberated them from the oppression of the Sphinx and they were always thankful. He even perceived his own enormity by alluding to himself as the person who was called incredible by all men and calling the individuals of the city kids. Oedipus (Prologue, Line 8) Through birth and selection both, Oedipus was an aristocrat. He has been forgotten about in the wild by his other because of a prescience that his dad would pass on by the son’s hand. He was then embraced by King Polybus of Corinth. Hence, he satisfied the primary necessity of the appalling saint †being of respectable birth or illustrious bloodlines. The following part of an appalling saint is unified with a deadly or deplorable imperfection. Oedipus needed to look for reality in regards to the homicide of King Laius, accepting that reality would cleanse the city of the awful revile that it was under. We consider the to be as one of high good trustworthiness, however subject to the ordinary frailties of the person (Adade-Yeboah, et al (2012). He is depicted as being to some degree touchy and regularly careless because of his craving to make the best choice. This maybe is his lamentable imperfection †in his enthusiasm to locate the killed, he offers rash expressions about disregarding the individual liable of the homicide, paying little heed to his remaining in the public arena (Oedipus). This carries us to the following part of the disastrous saint †the disclosure. Through looking for the guidance of a prophet, it is uncovered to King Oedipus that he is the killer â€Å"You are the killed of the ruler whose killer you look for. Oedipus Initially, the ruler believes this is the situation, however as he looks at the proof, it turns out to be certain that he is the blameworthy one. This disclosure prompts the inversion in the king’s life. In one second, he understands that his significant other is his mom, that his kids are his siblings and sisters and that everything is lost for him. At that point enter feel sorry for the lord. In addition to the fact that Oedipus finds out that he is received, he likewise found that he executed his dad, and had hitched his mom. He was really dismal for the disgrace and anguish that the individuals of his city would languish â€Å"I lament over you, my kids. Trust me, I realize all that you want of me, all that you endure; and keeping in mind that you endure, none endures more than I. † Oedipus We have significantly more sympathy for him when his better half and mother hangs herself and he puts his own eyes out â€Å"He was called my ruler, yet now whose story is increasingly hopeless? † Oedipus As Oedipus loses his seat, his contemplations are of everyone around him who he has harmed †the individuals of Thebes and his kids (who are additionally his siblings and sisters). He leaves them being taken care of by their uncle Creon. Prior to leaving them, he reveals to them how sorry he is â€Å"For the misery that must be yours: And for the harsh life that you should lead. † taking everything into account, Oedipus has the entirety of the standards for a shocking saint. He is an aristocrat, through decisions and activities encountered a tumble from enormity and his seat and excited the pity of the peruser and crowd. Aristotle talks about a deplorable hero’s Harmatia or his grievous defect being not one of good roots, but instead one that is shown through the decisions and activities of the character. It is very obvious that had Oedipus not executed his dad, at that point different occasions of wedding his mom, fathering his siblings and sisters, losing his site and his seat would not have happened. In spite of the fact that there is catastrophe all through this dramatization, one must commend the nobleness and boldness that Oedipus showed by tolerating obligation regarding his activities and tolerating indistinguishable outcomes from he had recently considered expected to cleanse the place that is known for the revile. Because of the fall of the lord, the crowd and peruser is left with a sentiment of calm (purgation) that the ruler gets what he merits for killing his dad. In spite of the fact that there is feel sorry for all the sorrow he needs to suffer, there is a feeling of fitting retribution that in light of the fact that the â€Å"hero† was of honorable birth, he was not saved discipline. References Adade-Yeboah, A. , Ahenkora, K. , and Amankwah, A. S. (2012). The appalling saint of the traditional period. English Language and Literature Studies, 2(3), 10-17. Recovered from http://search. proquest. com/docview/1045567248? accountid=12085 Engle, Eric (2008). Aristotle, Law and Justice: The Tragic Hero, Page 1. Kennedy, X. J. , and Gioia, D. (2010). Basic Casebook †Sophocles. Writing An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama and Writing (pp. 856-858). New York: Pearson.

College Narrative Essay Samples - Making Your Writing Stand Out

College Narrative Essay Samples - Making Your Writing Stand OutYou may be wondering how to decide which narrative essay samples college are the best. There are many to choose from. There are some wonderful writers and students who really do understand the value of writing about something you are passionate about. Here are a few that you should consider.We all have the ability to express ourselves well but can go about doing it in a tremendous amount of different ways. You may find that you are passionate about a particular topic but feel like your writing is not engaging enough to be worthy of a college essay or the publication of your work. You can change that by simply taking your talent for writing and making it work for you.Take time to focus on what you want out of your career. If your goal is to go to college, your college essay will need to use some technical language. You can choose to be technical by knowing the exact usage of technical words. Knowing these words can help yo u get an A B in that subject.Many times, students and professors are unsure what college applicants are saying. This makes writing a lot easier because the writer knows their topic is going to be tested and they want to make sure they have an interesting idea. As a student, it is important to get into the mind of the person reading your paper and show them why you are an interesting and talented candidate for their college.One of the best narratives you can write is one that is being written by someone else. By choosing someone else to tell their story, you are showing that you have an original perspective. The writer of the story is just as important as the student for your essay. In order to make it interesting, you must incorporate the details of the story and the thoughts and opinions of the writer with yours.When youare writing a paper for college, you need to show some of your personality. Being honest and straightforward is very important. You can learn a lot about yourself b y talking to your friend or family members.Beginning college students often do not know how to begin their essays. They often start off with an outline and don't know how to turn it into an actual essay. However, you can go about doing this in many different ways. Simply starting out with an outline is not the way to go.Your beginning paper can include details of why you think you can succeed in your course, examples of problems you have been faced with in the past, and more reasons why you believe you can be a good college candidate. You can use these specifics to demonstrate your abilities to the professor. Then you have a better chance of winning over the admissions committee.

Export import logistics and legislations - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2244 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Logistics Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Export import logistics and legislations Presentation THE HONEY COMPANY LIMITED fares handled nectar in mass amount to abroad market. The organization is arranged in Marlborough in New Zealand. The nectar traded is of premium quality and is gathered from valleys of the Wairau, Mountains of the Awatere valley and the local woods. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Export import logistics and legislations" essay for you Create order The nectar is tried in the lab before being traded to match customer requests. The accompanying report will cover different parts of Logistics Supply Chain, Regulations for bundling and naming according to the importing nation and the crucial segments of an agreement of fare of The Honey Company Limited. Logistics Supply Chain Nature of the Product: Sweet Nature Honey is arranged in Marlbrough. Dedicated bumblebees are reared and supported by the organization. The nectar is cleverly concentrated, put away and stuffed for customers. The sweet nature nectar has varities, for example, NZ Manuka, NZ Manuka+, NZ Manuka Blend, NZ Blush Blend, and so forth. End Country: The importing nation is United Kingdom. Production network logistics including transport administrations for supplying crude materials: The bumblebees are gathered, pressed in boxes and transported to the processing plant through street transport i.e trucks. On arriving at the plant the bumblebees are handled utilizing cutting edge machines to concentrate nectar out of them. When the nectar is concentrated it is tried for its dust include ,shade and dampness conductivity the lab and from there on pressed in enormous drums for sending out. Disseminating item to distribution centers: The drums containing nectar are transported to the distribution center before delivery utilizing organization trucks. Transport auxiliary administrations, for example, travel, cargo sending and traditions: The organization uses cargo forwarders, for example, Source Customs constrained who is a part of Customs Brokers and Freight Forwarders alliance of New Zealand(cbaff). They transport the nectar through ocean cargo to UK furthermore help in custom freedom. Physical dispersion administrations: Nectar is transported to distribution centers in plastic pails with tight tops which are effectively stackable. These are conveyed to stockrooms utilizing the organization trucks. Stock Mana gement, Storage and administration of inventories: All The stock and stock is put away in the distribution center before transportation to UK and Europe according to the merchants interest. Business Operations: The nectar transforming plant can prepare 240 nectar supers for every movement with the cutting edge machines introduced. The organization has attained high brings about review which happens under the New Zealand Food Safety Associations Risk Management program. It covers the perils and danger figures in connection to the generation and transforming of beekeeping. The staff is prepared in fare documentation where in the item is traded immediate from production line site helping in cutting timelines and the center man association. The organization is looking for upto $3 million in new capital for trust extension for developing new markets. Item completing operations: Nectar is stuffed in drums maintaining the NZ nourishment security benchmarks. These drums are f ixed and fitted with sealed seals to avoid dampness and different contaminants. Avenue to entryway Service: The same is not relevant at present for the organization; notwithstanding it is wanting to begin the same in next few months. Cargo and conveyance alternatives: The organization has trucks accessible for nearby cargo for transport from processing plant to stockroom. For global cargo the organization has the alternative for airship cargo and ocean cargo. Genuine mode of conveyance and cargo: The organization uses trucks for neighborhood cargo and ocean cargo for universal cargo. Regulation of the end nation with respect to particular transporting Packing and Labeling of Goods 1.introduction Lately general utilization of nectar has climbed particularly just 10% of interest can be met by home creation. The Honey Association involves Members who are in charge of the importation and bundling of pretty nearly 90% of the nectar advertised in the United King dom. The Association is concerned to monitor the notoriety of nectar as an unadulterated wholesome sustenance and completely laments any attempt to defile the item or make false claims about its land or flower inception. To this end The Honey Association, in counsel with Local Government Regulation (LGR), and with the affirmation of the Food Standards Agency and DEFRA has delivered a Code of Practice intended to supplement the statutory necessities and subtle element the elevated requirements to which the Members of the Association agree. 2.legal Requirements, Description and Labeling of Honey 2.1members of The Honey Association embrace, when importing, pressing, offering or supplying nectar to consent to the particular necessities of the Honey (England) Regulations 2003 (SI 2003 No 2243) and with independent regulations convey the same procurements made for Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Furthermore, consistence is needed with The General Food Regulations 2004(si 20 04 No 3279) including traceability necessities, with the general prerequisites of the Food Safety Act 1990 and The Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008 (SI 2008 No1277) and any consequent changes to these Regulations. Specific consideration is attracted to the necessities for naming descriptors, publicizing and the prerequisites identifying with the nature substance and quality to which nectar must follow. It is focused on that nectar is the unadulterated item delivered by bumble bees from the nectar of blooms or from the common sweet substances oozed by plants. It comprises prevalently of fructose and glucose. Color may shift from about dismal to dim tan and consistency can be liquid, gooey or mostly/altogether solidified. Flavor and smell will change, getting principally from the bloom root. 2.3the after definitions are contained in The Honey Regulations 2003: the portrayal nectar without further capability can be utilized just for unadulterated sharpen 2.3the after definitions are contained in The Honey Regulations 2003: (a)the depiction nectar without further capability can be utilized just for unadulterated nectar. This portrayal may be utilized on the name to depict (or be utilized within spot of) the pointed out nectar items bloom nectar, nectar, honeydew nectar, emptied nectar, concentrated nectar and pressed nectar. (b)the portrayal bloom nectar can be utilized yet just if the nectar is entirely or chiefly gotten from the bloom or plant pointed out (c)honey which does not meet the regulations regarding dampness, HMF or diastase action may be sold just as mechanical or pastry specialists nectar. (d) The portrayals brush nectar, piece nectar and separated nectar must be utilized if the nectar meets the applicable particular contained in timetable 2. 2.4labelling The name must include: (a)the name of the nourishment (b)the proper toughness announcement (c)the net weight (d)the name or business nam e and a location or enlisted office of either or both of (i) The producer or packer or (ii) A dealer made inside the European Community (e)the nation or nations of cause where the nectar has been reaped spare that if the nectar starts in more than one Member State or third nation the nations of starting point may be supplanted with one of the accompanying particular expressions as proper. (i) Blend of EU nectars (ii) mix of non-EU nectars (ii) mix of EU and non-EU nectars NOTE A name might just allude to topographical inception if the nectar begins altogether from the spot demonstrated. (f) Whenever nectar is to be sold by particular flower or topographical depiction then Members must make all sensible strides and practice all due persistence to fulfill themselves that the item entirely agrees to the picked portrayal. They should likewise make sensible moves to guarantee that the source material is immaculate nectar, is not dishonestly portrayed and overall agrees to the prerequisites of the law. (g) In understanding with the nectar affiliation intentional code of practice on baby botulism, the mark ought to contain the accompanying proclamation: Unacceptable for kids under 12 months (f)the mark must be unmistakably readable and permanent and the name, strength and net amount must be in the same field of vision 3 Transport and pressing of Honey 3.1 Packing The pressing of the products for nectar fare is a complex errand to guarantee nectar is secured against the dangers included in their taking care of and the modes of transportation being utilized. Thought needs to be given to the atmospheres and territory of the nations through which the dispatches will be travelling.too much overwhelming pressing could demonstrate unreasonable for products shipping. The best choices for preparing and transporting nectar are stackable, plastic cans with tight fitting covers. Utilizing these basins, beekeepers can sort nectar into first and se cond quality at time of harvest, and they can be utilized for the sieving and filtration steps of preparing. Suitable cans are not generally promptly accessible however can normally be found in primary urban areas, and suitable, lidded basins are utilized broadly as a part of the sustenance business and providing food administrations. 3.2 Transport and documentation Cargo sending is an administration industry that includes moving products around the globe for shippers and exporters. Cargo forwarders have practical experience in moving load. They additionally orchestrate traditions leeway of products, keep up all documentation, manage freight pressing and will now and again manage the development of hazardous merchandise. Cargo forwarder will portray the modes of transport used to move products. The exporter and Importer needs to depict the obligations of each in the reports, it ought to likewise give the Invoice of the dispatch with custom freedom, protection, bill of reple nishing, and the incoterms utilized. Vital segments of the associations fare/ import contract. Names and locations of both the gatherings: Exporterimporter The Honey Company restricted. 829, Taylor Pass Road, Blenheim. New Zealand. Southbank, Great Wilson St, Leeds, West Yorkshire Ls11 5ad, United kingdom Items Standards and Specifications: All the assortments of nectar have 80% nectar, 12% water and 8% sugar. Alternate determinations incorporate the color, flavor , trailing sensation and the utilization of different mixtures in distinctive nourishment. The Bulk nectar traded is accessible in amounts of 330kg drums, 1200kg, 20litres buckets, 5-20kg basins. Amount: The amount of nectar sent out to UK is 200 tones for every year. Assessment: The accompanying are the necessities as far as review for fare of nectar. USDA plant overview must be passed before the nectar enters the importing nation. Producers of nectar ought to have a Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Plan for the assessment of Honey . A finished maker affirmation which is obliged to be kept up for survey for each yield for every agreement. Dated weight ticket for each one parcel. Test comes about as needed by testing convention under National Honey Board European Union fare program. The nectar is checked for any dust, dampness and different contaminants before being dispatched. Aggregate estimation of the agreement: The aggregate estimation of the agreement is not detailed; notwithstanding it is a million dollar bargain. Terms of conveyance: The organization utilizes CIF (Cost, protection, Freight) for conveyance of the shipment, consequently bears the expense of cargo and Insurance. Duties, Duties and charges: The import obligation for UK is 12.8% on a normal with 0% of VAT. The MFN obligation to be paid for New Zealand is 5% and deals Tax is 15%. The transaction charge for an import section is Nzd46.89 Time of conveyance and shipment: The aggregate time of conveyance of shipment is one month including generation, bundling and shipment of the relegation to UK. Part Shipment, trans-shipment and combination of load: Combination of load is carried out according to the cargo forwarder. The organization has the alternative of part shipment according to the shippers prerequisite. Terms of installment, sum, mode and money: The organization bargains in open record where the installment is exchanged through SWIFT electronic information framework. The installment is asked for in NZD and the sum is subject to the estimation of agreement. The organization likewise utilizes a stand by LC. Rebates and Commissions: Licenses and grants: Fare permit is obliged and the organization likewise runs the danger administration system to guarantee that quality nectar is traded to UK. There are strict tenets to import nectar in UK. All the import nectar item must originate from th e affirmed fare nation. The organization must be a foundation enrolled by the capable power of the trading nation Each committal must be joined by a wellbeing declaration. Exporter organization must take after EU import controls. Protection: The organization assumes marine protection and praise hazard protection from a private insurance agency Honey bar Products International Inc. Narrative prerequisites: The reports submitted in the fare contract are Commercial Invoice, Bill of Lading, Insurance testament, USDA plant overview endorsement, Complete maker declaration, Phytosanitary authentication, Certificate of source, and so on. Item ensure: The item is ensured to the merchant through preinspection expressing that the nectar is free of contaminants and takes after the NZ wellbeing nourishment standard. Asurequality New Zealand and New Zealand Food Safety Association (NZFSA) worked close by us in creating and keeping up our Risk Management Program. Quarter ly reviews guarantee our exclusive expectations are kept up through all techniques. Defer in conveyance: The organization uses remained by LC where the terms as agrred are that if the exporter does not send out on time he will need to pay the estimation of the agreement to the shipper. Procurements characterizing unforeseeable circumstances in non-execution of agreement: Obligations of nourishment shippers (Article 19 of Regulation (EC) No 178/2002) In the event that a nourishment business administrator considers or has motivation to accept that a sustenance which it has foreign is not in agreeability with the sustenance security prerequisites, it might quickly start strategies to withdraw the sustenance being referred to from the business where the nourishment has left the prompt control of that beginning nourishment business administrator and illuminate the able powers thereof.

Forensic Social Work Practice With Immigrants And Refugees

Forensic social work practice with immigrants and refugees looks into the factors at play as to whether the immigration was forced or voluntary and offers support to the clients facing the legal system. This article will explore social work roles, theory, and practice with immigrant populations. Often times, the process of coming and staying here is impacted by trauma, grief, and isolation. With the goal of assisting newcomers with resettling and reestablishing their lives and unique identities within the context of a new culture, forensic social workers uplift individuals, families, and communities through advocacy. To do so, social workers utilize culturally competence while leading support for the freedom, mental health and well-being of immigrants. Background Professional social work practice with immigrants can be traced back to the late 19th century, when Jane Addams had hosted Hull House in Chicago. The majority of those receiving services there were poor and had emigrated from Europe. At Hull House, clients received legal aid and a wealth of other resources such as English-language courses, citizenship classes, food, finances, clothing, child care, medical aid, help with taking college credits, vocational instruction, arts and craft activities for children and adults, (Knight, 2005). Through the years, we still have centers that offer these similar programs however, they are not always able to assist or accommodate immigrants especially if they have an illegalShow MoreRelatedPublic Perception Of Psychologist s Behavior2338 Words   |  10 Pagesthe community work they do. The Ethics Code clearly states that psychologists do not need to adhere to the guidelines of the APA when they are outside of their professional roles. The publicà ¢â‚¬â„¢s perception of psychologist’s behavior in their personal time may have some damaging effects on the professional relationships with consumers and clients. Psychologists need to understanding the social justice on a continuum from social reform to social transformation and, potentially, social revolution (WalshRead MoreANTH 1120 Midterm Exam Review2818 Words   |  12 PagesMalinowski. Sociocultural Anthropology: An anthropological approach that retains the British focus on social anthropology at the same time as it adds the American focus on culture to produce something slightly different from either one. Applied Anthropology: An anthropological branch that specializes in putting anthropological knowledge into practice outside of academia. Identity: Learned personal and social types of affiliation, including gender, sexuality, race, class, nationalism, and ethnicity, forRead MoreHistory of Social Work18530 Words   |  75 PagesInstitute of Social Sciences Compiled by S.Rengasamy-History of Social Welfare / Social Work Contents History of Social Welfare/ Social Work ..........................................................................................................................3 The need to understand history of social work .............................................................................................................3 Framework to understand History of Social Welfare / Social Work ........Read MoreDarden Mba Resumes16768 Words   |  68 Pagesprogram taught by faculty from the Thayer School of Engineering and the Tuck School of Business Bachelor of Engineering in Mechanical Engineering, June 2005 †¢ William F. Allyn 1958 Fellowship †¢ Jackson Award for product initiation, design, and marketing work in Introduction to Engineering †¢ GPA: 3.77 Waterville, ME Colby College Bachelor of Arts in Economics, May 2004 †¢ Dual-Degree program through Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College †¢ Member of the Varsity Crew EXPERIE CE 2007-2009 General

The Cold War Essay - 808 Words

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The Culture In Film Music Essay Example For Students

The Culture In Film Music Essay Today were focusing upon culture in music, specifically in film. Weve watched every movie for the past 200 years and have ranked each song from first to last; these songs vary from genres such as hip-hop to classical German folk music. In this potash, we will focus upon two specific songs that have influenced culture through their musical relevance. The first song we are looking at is Space Jam by Quad City Dads, featured in the movie Space Jam. Released in 1996, this song was uniquely written specifically for the movie which its named after. The hit song was a favorite among many, and when the Space Jam soundtrack was released, this number was revolutionary in tying basketball to music, and was a great contribution to the statement that basketball was one of Americas most popular sports. Not only a part of a widely watched movie, but also listened to alone, Space Jam implemented parts of the movie into the song, which greatly helped the movies popularity as well. We will write a custom essay on The Culture In Film Music specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Sweeping the nation, and even listened o and watched still today, Space Jam has certainly influenced the culture of America, just like another song that Alan will now tell you about. Thanks Calvin. Much like the song Space Jam, Amines Lose Yourself was also able to resonate its strong message to society. Born in Detroit, Michigan, Marshall Matters grew to become one of the most famous rappers in history. With several platinum albums, most famous the Marshall Matters LAP, Mine is now acclaimed as one of the best lyricists in this history of music. But Amines career was not without controversy; his constant urging and his violent and sometimes shocking behavior would often steer people away from his music. Regardless, by being featured as the theme song for 8 Mile, a movie in which Mine stars as B Rabbit, a rapper trying to make it out of Detroit, Lose Yourself was able to reach a worldwide audience. Through a strong, inspirational message and also a vibrant, powerful beat mixed by Amines cohort Dry. Deer, Lose Yourself was able to appeal to people throughout the world as a song that not only related to a successful movie but also a song that could motivate and inspire. With genius lyrics written by Mine, Lose Yourself inspired worldwide and also linked with the movie 8 mile, thus creating even more of an enhanced message, as people finally felt connected to one of the worlds most famous hip-hop artists, Mine; before the movie 8 Mile, Mine was not very famous in the media and thus his background was much a mystery. Therefore, with a movie that displayed Amines difficult background and how he was raised, Mine was finally explained and exposed to the media. The song was also awarded for its popularity, winning a Grammar Award and also an Oscar Award. Much like Space Jam, Lose Yourself was able to convey the message of an entire movie into one song. Therefore, their cultural relevance is undisputed, as people could finally feel the messages of an entire movie in a few minutes. Thus, through their cultural relevance, one can realize why Space Jam and Lose Yourself were such powerful and great songs that accompanied movies. Well said Alan, and a special treat for you listeners today, we have Michael Jordan on the phone to talk about his close experience with both the song and movie. And as special treat for you listeners today, we have Michael Jordan on the phone, The Culture In Film Music By Release My pleasure, Mike, now let me ask you, what was it like being a main character in Space Jam, and part off hit song because of it. Well it was a great experience, I loved both the song and movie, and feel that they are both iconic pieces of culture in the sasss. Well said Michael, now when the movie came out, did you think that the song would be as big a hit as it ended up being? .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb , .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .postImageUrl , .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb , .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb:hover , .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb:visited , .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb:active { border:0!important; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb:active , .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud3e59a19bd1aa884d60b4a22f82743cb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Music Essay ThesisAs someone who worked for months on set hearing the song being played, you couldnt help but realize that it had that special something and truly complimented the movie. Were running out of time, but one more question for you here Michael, from your perspective, how did Space Jam affect culture in America? Well Calvin, as one of the first widely watched basketball movies, there was a noticeable pickup in the amount of young people playing the game after this movie was released. Since I was retired at the time, some people recognized me as the guy from Space Jam rather than the NAB player thanks o the movie. Id see people walking down the street or playing basketball listening to Space Jam, and thats when you realize what a significant influence its had. Well thats all the time we have today Michael, sure enjoyed talking to you. Thanks Calvin. So Calvin. Overall, what do you think about musics place in movies? Do you think theyre important? Well Alan, I really think theyre one of the more important aspects of a successful movie. With a good song, one can understand not only the major themes of a movie itself but also the message the director is trying to convey. I agree with you Calvin. In my opinion, a great song in a movie not only captures the scene it is featured in but also can make the listener reminisce about the movie and maybe even want to go see it again. This is definitely true. Also, with famous songs such as Lose Yourself and Space Jam, movies can even now gain popularity and cultural relevance, not even for the movies themselves. Well that looks like all the time we have today, thanks for listening to the Alan and Calvin potash and remember to tune in next week on 69. 9 FM Radio. Have a great week

Nitrate Contamination Of Groundwater Poses A Serious Health Threat Nit

Nitrate Contamination of Groundwater Poses a Serious Health Threat Nitrates contamination of the world's underground water supply poses as a potentially serious health hazard to the human inhabitants on earth. High nitrate levels found in well water has been proven to be the cause for numerous health conditions across the globe. If we intend to provide for the future survival of man, and life on planet earth, we must take action now to assure the quality of one of our most precious resources, our underground water supply. Ground water can be defined as the water stored in the open spaces within underground rocks and unconsolidated material (Monroe and Wicander 420). Ground water is one of the numerous parts that make up the hydrologic cycle. The primary source of water in underground aquifers is precipitation that infiltrates the ground and moves through the soil and pore spaces of rocks (Monroe and Wicander 420). There are also other sources that add water to the underground aqu ifer that include: water infiltrating from lakes and streams, recharge ponds, and wastewater treatment systems. As groundwater moves through the soil, sediment, and rocks, many of its impurities are filtered out. Take note, however, that some, not all, soils and rocks are good filters. Some are better than others and in some cases, serious pollutants are not removed from the water before it reaches the underground supply. Now that we have a good working definition of what groundwater is, and where it comes from, just how important is it? Groundwater makes up about 22% of the worlds supply of fresh water. Right now, groundwater accounts for 20% of all the water used annually in the United States. On a national average, a little more than 65% of the groundwater in the United States each year goes to irrigation, with industrial use second, and third is domestic use (Monroe and Wicander 420). Some states are more dependent on groundwater for drinking than others. Nebraska and the corn belt states rely on underground water for 85% of their drinking needs, and in Florida 90% of all drinking water comes from underground aquifers (Funk and Wagnall 2). People on the average in the United States require more than 50 gallons of water each day for personal and household uses. These include drinking, washing, preparing meals and removing waste. A bath in a bathtub uses approximately 25 gallons of water and a shower uses about l5 gallons per minute of water flow while the shower runs. Just to sustain human tissue requires about 2.5 quarts of water per day. Most people drink about a quart of water per day, getting the rest of the water they need from food content. Most of the foods we eat are comprised mostly of water: for example, eggs, are about 74% water, watermelon 92%, and a piece of lean meat about 70%. Most of the beverages we drink are also mostly comprised of water, like milk, coffee, tea and soft drinks. And the single largest consumer of water in the United Stat es, is agriculture. In dry areas, farmers must irrigate their lands to grow crops. It is estimated that in the United States, more than 100 billion gallons of fresh water are used each day for the irrigation of croplands (Funk and Wagnall 2). Since agriculture is the leading user of our groundwater, perhaps it is fitting, that it is also the biggest contributor of contaminating nitrates that work into our water supply each year. Agriculture and livestock production account for 80% of all nitrogen added to the environment ( Terry, et al. 1996). Industrial fertilizers make up 53%, animal manure 27%, atmosphere 14%, and point source 6% (Puckett, 1994). Just how do these nitrates get from the field into our water supply? There are two primary reasons that nitrate contaminates reach our underground water supply and make it unsafe. Number one reason is farmer's bad habits of consistently over- fertilizing and applying too much nitrogen to the soil. In 1995 America's agricultural produ cers added 36 billion pounds of nitrogen into the environment, 23 billion pounds of supplemental industrial nitrogen, and 13 billion pounds of extra nitrogen in the form of animal manure. Twenty percent of Nitrate Contamination Of Groundwater Poses A Serious Health Threat Nit Nitrate Contamination of Groundwater Poses a Serious Health Threat Nitrates contamination of the world's underground water supply poses as a potentially serious health hazard to the human inhabitants on earth. High nitrate levels found in well water has been proven to be the cause for numerous health conditions across the globe. If we intend to provide for the future survival of man, and life on planet earth, we must take action now to assure the quality of one of our most precious resources, our underground water supply. Ground water can be defined as the water stored in the open spaces within underground rocks and unconsolidated material (Monroe and Wicander 420). Ground water is one of the numerous parts that make up the hydrologic cycle. The primary source of water in underground aquifers is precipitation that infiltrates the ground and moves through the soil and pore spaces of rocks (Monroe and Wicander 420). There are also other sources that add water to the underground aqu ifer that include: water infiltrating from lakes and streams, recharge ponds, and wastewater treatment systems. As groundwater moves through the soil, sediment, and rocks, many of its impurities are filtered out. Take note, however, that some, not all, soils and rocks are good filters. Some are better than others and in some cases, serious pollutants are not removed from the water before it reaches the underground supply. Now that we have a good working definition of what groundwater is, and where it comes from, just how important is it? Groundwater makes up about 22% of the worlds supply of fresh water. Right now, groundwater accounts for 20% of all the water used annually in the United States. On a national average, a little more than 65% of the groundwater in the United States each year goes to irrigation, with industrial use second, and third is domestic use (Monroe and Wicander 420). Some states are more dependent on groundwater for drinking than others. Nebraska and the corn belt states rely on underground water for 85% of their drinking needs, and in Florida 90% of all drinking water comes from underground aquifers (Funk and Wagnall 2). People on the average in the United States require more than 50 gallons of water each day for personal and household uses. These include drinking, washing, preparing meals and removing waste. A bath in a bathtub uses approximately 25 gallons of water and a shower uses about l5 gallons per minute of water flow while the shower runs. Just to sustain human tissue requires about 2.5 quarts of water per day. Most people drink about a quart of water per day, getting the rest of the water they need from food content. Most of the foods we eat are comprised mostly of water: for example, eggs, are about 74% water, watermelon 92%, and a piece of lean meat about 70%. Most of the beverages we drink are also mostly comprised of water, like milk, coffee, tea and soft drinks. And the single largest consumer of water in the United Stat es, is agriculture. In dry areas, farmers must irrigate their lands to grow crops. It is estimated that in the United States, more than 100 billion gallons of fresh water are used each day for the irrigation of croplands (Funk and Wagnall 2). Since agriculture is the leading user of our groundwater, perhaps it is fitting, that it is also the biggest contributor of contaminating nitrates that work into our water supply each year. Agriculture and livestock production account for 80% of all nitrogen added to the environment ( Terry, et al. 1996). Industrial fertilizers make up 53%, animal manure 27%, atmosphere 14%, and point source 6% (Puckett, 1994). Just how do these nitrates get from the field into our water supply? There are two primary reasons that nitrate contaminates reach our underground water supply and make it unsafe. Number one reason is farmer's bad habits of consistently over- fertilizing and applying too much nitrogen to the soil. In 1995 America's agricultural produ cers added 36 billion pounds of nitrogen into the environment, 23 billion pounds of supplemental industrial nitrogen, and 13 billion pounds of extra nitrogen in the form of animal manure. Twenty percent of

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Competence

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Competence The term linguistic competence refers to the unconscious knowledge of grammar that allows a speaker to use and understand a language. Also known as grammatical competence or I-language.  Contrast with linguistic performance. As used by Noam Chomsky and other linguists, linguistic competence is not an evaluative term. Rather, it refers to the innate linguistic knowledge that allows a person to match sounds and meanings. In  Aspects of the Theory of Syntax  (1965), Chomsky wrote, We thus make a fundamental distinction between competence  (the speaker-hearers knowledge of his language) and performance  (the actual use of language in concrete situations). Examples and Observations Linguistic competence constitutes knowledge of language, but that knowledge is tacit, implicit. This means that people do not have conscious access to the principles and rules that govern the combination of sounds, words, and sentences; however, they do recognize when those rules and principles have been violated. . . . For example, when a person judges that the sentence John said that Jane helped himself is ungrammatical, it is because the person has tacit knowledge of the grammatical principle that reflexive pronouns must refer to an NP in the same clause. (Eva M. Fernandez and Helen Smith Cairns, Fundamentals of Psycholinguistics. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) Linguistic Competence and Linguistic Performance In [Noam] Chomskys theory, our linguistic competence is our unconscious knowledge of languages and is similar in some ways to [Ferdinand de] Saussures concept of langue, the organizing principles of a language. What we actually produce as utterances is similar to Saussures parole, and is called linguistic performance. The difference between linguistic competence and linguistic performance can be illustrated by slips of the tongue, such as noble tons of soil for noble sons of toil. Uttering such a slip doesnt mean that we dont know English but rather that weve simply made a mistake because we were tired, distracted, or whatever. Such errors also arent evidence that you are (assuming you are a native speaker) a poor English speaker or that you dont know English as well as someone else does. It means that linguistic performance is different from linguistic competence. When we say that someone is a better speaker than someone else (Martin Luther King, Jr., for example, was a terrific ora tor, much better than you might be), these judgements tell us about performance, not competence. Native speakers of a language, whether they are famous public speakers or not, dont know the language any better than any other speaker in terms of linguistic competence. (Kristin Denham and Anne Lobeck, Linguistics for Everyone. Wadsworth, 2010) Two language users may have the same program for carrying out specific tasks of production and recognition, but differ in their ability to apply it because of exogenous differences (such as short-term memory capacity). The two are accordingly equally language-competent but not necessarily equally adept at making use of their competence. The linguistic competence of a human being should accordingly be identified with that individuals internalized program for production and recognition. While many linguists would identify the study of this program with the study of performance rather than competence, it should be clear that this identification is mistaken since we have deliberately abstracted away from any consideration of what happens when a language user actually attempts to put the program to use. A major goal of the psychology of language is to construct a viable hypothesis as to the structure of this program . . .. (Michael B. Kac, Grammars and Grammaticality. John Benjamins, 1992)

PHILOSOPHY AND TRADITIONS IN MANAGAMENT RESEARCH Assignment - 1

PHILOSOPHY AND TRADITIONS IN MANAGAMENT RESEARCH - Assignment Example In this current essay, the researcher has tried to critically appraise the theories with the view of â€Å"Free Will†. It is a philosophical concept that refers to the capability of the economic agent to select a particular option among various alternatives (Free Will, 2014). Most of the philosopher has supported that, the notion of â€Å"free will† is strongly related with the ethical sense of the economic agents and the firm. The term free will refers to the power of the rational agent to select best alternative one from the sort of several options. Various constraints that included in the subject matter of free will concept, includes physical constraints, metaphysical constraint, social constraint and mental constraint. The principle of free will provides implication in various segments, such as ethical, religious, legal and scientific (Williamson, 1998). For example, in science, free will suggests different ways to predict human behaviour. Further, in religious realm; it implies choice of individual action that can increase moral obligation or certain injection to a man and so on. Most of the philosopher suggested that â€Å"free will is strongly linked with ethical obligation and responsibilities of the agents† (Plato.stanford.edu, 2014). In respect to the values of love and friendship, freewill also plays a significant role in building the root of relationships. In economic terms, a firm basically exists and state its decisions in order to make the utmost use of its resources. Firms interact with the market to determine demand and price and then allocate its resources to maximize its profits (Moyle, 1998). Consumers always try to maximize their overall utility whereas business organizer tries to maximize net profit. Thus, theories of firm always adopted and analysed in respect to the changing market and economics. The firm’s theory comprise of several economic theories

Introduction to Professional Nursing Practice Essay - 1

Introduction to Professional Nursing Practice - Essay Example The other appropriate measure, which head nurses ought to ensure, encompasses avoiding incidences of nurses’ shortage (Subramanian &Vinoth, 2012). Since this is what results to excessive workload on the part of nurses for they end up serving many patients beyond what their both physical and psychological endurance can adequately support. Shortage of nurses in hospitals is a major cause of Burnout whose early signs encompass stress and irritability that signify an overworked nurse. Therefore, nurses ought to learn how know themselves and their limitations (Gagnon, 2008). Moreover, nurses are supposed to maintain a healthy lifestyle by fitting enjoyable leisure activities in their daily lives. This will help in reducing stress. Furthermore, nurses’ training is to put other peoples care before them (Walter, Plaumann & Awa, 2010). This intervention normally enables them learn how to take care of themselves and not to mistake self-care as being selfish but as a way of energizing as well as maintaining one’s emotional and physical stamina. In post cases, this comes with enhancing interpersonal and social relationships with friends and family, which is via healthy communication (Elder, Evans & Nizette, 2009) Elder, Evans & Nizette (2009) in their study have clearly shown how burnout syndrome is an ethical issue and that all nurses have a moral obligation to take the necessary steps to reduce burnout in themselves. This is because, as seen above, burnout syndrome is an undesirable state due to the nurses’ interaction with patients and its effects it on immediate colleagues. Mainly, these associations act as influential organizations towards promoting health mostly comprising of registered nurses. This is through lobbying government and other respective authorities towards availing appropriate working environment for nurses, which will in turn lead improved medical care. Their focuses

Reviewing Waiting Time and Customer Satisfaction in a Service Process

Reviewing Waiting Time and Customer Satisfaction in a Service Process Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a literature review that highlights major findings from empirical research examining the impact of waiting time on customer satisfaction within various service settings. Design/Methodology/Approach The paper examines the results of past studies that have manipulated specific service settings (layout, fillers, surroundings, resources) and attempts to identify variables that cause less dissatisfaction in a service process. Findings A large number of studies reveal negative influence of waiting time on customer satisfaction. Future research proposals seek to identify the degree of satisfaction in a service delivery process. Originality/Value The review highlights a range of implications drawn from the studies that will be of value to service organization managers who face high customer dissatisfaction and low repeat customers. Keywords Service delivery process, Customer service quality, Customer satisfaction, Waiting time Paper type Literature review Introduction The performance of a service delivery system is inversely proportional to the degree of customers contact (Chase, 1982). The more the customer close to the service system, the longer the customer waiting times in the service delivery system. This cost of longer waiting times in the system can be attributed to (i) the customer walking away from the system and join somewhere else(ii) the customers decision not to come back again in the future and(iii) the customer passing negative experiences to near and dear ones like family and friends. Many studies emphasize the relationship between customer satisfaction in a service process and their loyalty (Anderson, 1994; Dick and Basu, 1994; Fornell et al., 1996; Selness, 2001; Mittal and Kamakura, 2001; Olsen, 2002). The cost of these behaviors by the customer is very difficult to calculate but definitely the sales will go down with each unhappy customer as the cost of retaining a satisfied customer is less than a newly acquired customer (Reic hheld, 1996). According to Lovelock and Gummesson (2004) time plays the central role in most of the services processes and they recommend giving more attention to improving the customers understanding of how they perceive, budget, consume and value time. Many studies focus on the relationship between waiting time and customer satisfaction in a service process (Hui and Tse, 1996; Pruyn and Smidts, 1998). Thus the customers satisfaction can be regarded as the bridge between operational performance of the service firm and subsequent impact on the behavior of the customer towards the service firm. In this study we are trying to understand the factors responsible for dissatisfied customer in a service environment and how it can be minimized through proper and timely allocation of resources in the service process system. Literature Review Waiting Time Time has commonly been regarded as a significant component of the total cost of a transaction, making customers aware that their time is most valuable (Anderson and Shugan, 1991; Jacoby et al., 1976; Kellaris and Kent, 1992). Past research has suggested various dimensions of time that include: pace, urgency, sequencing, separation, scheduling, duration, punctuality, flexibility, linearity, synchronization and present and future time perspectives (Ballard and Seibold, 2004; Owen, 1991; Moore, 1963, Lauer, 1981). The waiting time problem has become an important part of service providers priorities as todays customers are becoming intolerance to waiting time in a service process. Further, consumers do not evaluate service quality solely on the outcome of service, but they evaluate it on the basis of service delivery process and time is the most important factor for evaluating customer satisfaction in a service process (Davis and Vollmann, 1990; Friedman and Friedman, 1997). Additionally waiting tine is the deciding factor for service evaluations for many consumers as they value time more than ever. It is also important to notice in which stage the customer is feeling dissatisfaction in a service encounter. According to Dube-Rioux et al. (1989), the service encounter has three phases: pre- process, in- process and post- process. Research has shown that there is causal effect of service stage, as mentioned by Dube-Rioux (1989), and service delays on consumers reaction to waiting (Hui et al., 199 8; Dube et al., 1991; Dube-Rioux et al., 1989). Dube-Rioux et al. (1989) argue that service delays were less unpleasant than service entry or service exit waits as Hansen and Danaher (1999) showed that service exit exerts a significant effect on consumers perception of service quality and post purchase behavior. Waiting is considered a negative experience from both the economic as well as psychological perspective. Further waiting time is often used as a substitute for cost. The waiting time is an important component of customers overall evaluation of the service (Peritz, 1993). Also the amount of time they spend while checkout from a store influences the overall satisfaction level of the customer (Katz, Larsen, Blaire and Larsen, 1991). Further, research has shown that long waits have a negative effect on customer satisfaction (Chebat and Filiatrault, 1993). Waiting time is often regarded as a waste of time (Leclerc, Schmitt and Dube, 1995; Schwartz, 1975; Rafaeli, 1989; Hui and Tse, 1996; Sheu et al., 2003) and has been described as frustrating boring and irritating (Hui and Tse, 1996; Katz et al., 1991). According to McDonnell (2007), anger and frustration are more likely to happen at bank branches and financial institutions than many other service contact points. Further, research has shown that many consumers dislike waiting in a queue which results in a negative service quality evaluation (Krentler, 1988; Kumar et al., 1997; Houston et al., 1998; Ho and Zheng, 2004). The consumers waiting experience has the direct influence on the perception of service quality (Soloman, Bamossy and Askeggard, 1999). For, wait is considered as a wait prior to being served. Apart from income and price, time is considered as a constraint in consumer purchasing choice (Becker, 1965; Umesh et al., 1989). Many researchers have tried to solve waiting time by providing various strategies like waiting time fillers such as increase of front line employees, video display, news updates or waiting time guarantees (Kumar, Kalwani and Dada, 1997), but failed to eliminate the waiting time dissatisfaction completely. Music can play an important role in reducing dissatisfaction levels for consumers waiting in line (Steve and Oakes, 2008). A waiting time has four dimensions: Objective, subjective, cognitive and effective: Davis and Vollman, 1990;Katz et al., 1991; Taylor, 1994) advocate that objective waiting time is the elapsed time as measured by a stop watch by the customer before being served. The subjective waiting time is the perceived waiting time by the customer (Hui and Tse, 1996; Pruyn and Smidts, 1998). The cognitive waiting time is the customers evaluation of the wait as short versus long (Pruyn and Smidts, 1998), being (or not being) acceptable, reasonable and tolerable (Durrande- Mpreau, 1999). The affective aspect of the waiting time is the emotional response to waiting like irritation, boredom, frustration, pleasure, stress, happiness etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Taylor, 1994; Hui and Tse, 1996; Pruyn and Smidts, 1998). However the perceived waiting time is different from objective waiting time (Barnett and Saponaro, 1985; Hirsch, Bilger and Heatherage, 1950; Hornik, 1984). The effect of waiting time on customers perceptions of customer satisfaction relates positively to the wait to the customer and moderated by the reason for the wait (Nicole and Tony, 2006). Also the perception of waiting time is affected by anxiety level and queue length (Hornik, 1984; Maister, 1984). The wait dissatisfaction in a service process can be lowered if the overall service meets the customers expectations. Customers are willing to wait if they anticipate benefits through the consumption of a service (Zeithaml et al., 1993). Customer Satisfaction Customer satisfaction is of utmost importance to the service providers and scholars (Babin and Griffin, 1998; Oliver, 1999) in todays highly competitive business environment. Customer satisfaction is conceived to be part of an overall model of customer behavior (Bearden and Teele, 1983). One such model presented by Oliver (1980) is shown in the figure below (Figure 1). The Role of Satisfaction in a Customer Behavior Model Expectations à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬Å" Performance à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬Å" Disconfirmations à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬Å" SATISFACTION à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬Å" Attitudes à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬Å" Intentions à ¢Ã¢â‚¬  Ã¢â‚¬Å" Future Behavior Figure 1 Sasser et al. (1978) identify three different models by which customers evaluate overall satisfaction with a service. These are: One overpowering attribute A single attribute with threshold minimums for other attributes A weighted average of attributes According to the expectancy disconfirmation model, satisfaction/ dissatisfaction is a function of expectations and disconfirmations of the consumer (Oliver, 1980; Oliver and DeSabro, 1988). According to Davis and Heineke (1998), customers reaction to waiting in line can color his/her perception of the service delivery process. Further, customer satisfaction is affected not just by waiting time but also by the customers expectations or attribution or determination of the causes for the waiting(Bitner, 1990; Churchill and Suprenant, 1982; Folkes , 1984; Folkes, Koletsky and Graham, 1987; Maister, 1985; Oliver, 1980; Shostack, 1985; Taylor, 1994; Tom and Lucey, 1995; Tse and Wilton, 1988). Also in a service delays, the stage in which a delay occurs within a service encounter affects customer evaluations of the service quality (Dube et al., 1989;, Hui et al., 1998). The overestimating of waiting time by the consumers (Hornik, 1984; Katz, Larson and Larson, 1991) leads to more dissatisfaction as customers perception of waiting time increases, the satisfaction tends to decrease (Katz et al., 1991). Customer satisfaction is inversely related to waiting time (Davis and Maggard, 1990); that is the longer a customer waits, the less satisfied or more dissatisfied he/she becomes with the service process. In their study on two stage service process, they found that customer satisfaction is more affected by the initial wait of the customer prior to entering the service process, than it is by subsequent waits in the process. Their study was supported by Sasser, Olsen and Wyckoff (1978) and Maister (1985).Davis and Maggard (1990) suggest management to devote extra time and resources toward initial stage of the wait. This priority is necessary because a dissatisfied restaurant customer tells fifty other people about his/her dissatisfaction (Lyth and Johnson, 1998). Parasuraman et als (1985) study on relationship between waiting time and perceived service quality has been widely accepted by the research and industry communities. The gap between the perception and expectation for waiting experience determines the customer satisfaction with waiting (Maister, 1985). Davis and Vollman(1990) argue that in most of the service operations, customer expectations and satisfaction with respect to waiting time are dependent on many factors including: The customers prior experience, the number of customers in the service facility, criticality of time to the customer and other distractions, intended or otherwise. According to Hornik (1984) consumers often inclined to overestimate time spent on waiting and the delay can influence affective reactions (Dube-Rioux et al., 1989; Hui and Tse, 1996; Taylor, 1994). Prior research suggests that crowding at the service process also affects the customers satisfaction (Eroglu et al., 2005; Michon et al., 2005). That means a perception of extremely un -crowded and extremely crowded environments at the service area lead to lower customer satisfaction. This means the service managers should allocate human resources wisely when the crowd is low. Conversely, more number of service personals should be devoted when the crowd is very high. Taylor (1994) argues that customers anger and their evaluation of punctuality affect the overall performance of a service process. The customers satisfaction with wait is also influenced by customers perception of service providers social justice(Larson, 1987) that is whether the provider is adhering to first come first serve basis or not. Piyush et al. (1997) argue that the customer satisfaction in wait is also influenced by the waiting time guarantee provided by the service providers. Customer satisfaction in a retail setting has been linked to a number of important outcomes, including sales performance, customer retention and loyalty (Darian et al., 2001; Wong and Sohal, 2003; Gomez et al., 2004; Anselsson, 2006; Martenson, 2007). Apart from retail, the customer satisfaction is a prerequisite for other customer service outcomes including customer retention and customer loyalty, sales/profitability and market share for many organizations (Hackl and Westlund, 2000; Reichheld, 1996) as losing a customer result in the cost associated with replacement of that customer (Reichheld and Sasser, 1990). According to Anderson et al. (1994) the customer satisfaction is positively related to the profit of the service provider. Additionally, the role of service satisfaction is believed to directly shape a customers long term relation with the service provider (Gronroos, 1984). The waiting time can be distracted with the help of television sets, newspapers, magazines, wall posters etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ as filled time appears to pass more quickly than empty time (McGrath and Kelly, 1986). This can be applied to reduce the waiting dissatisfaction but not to enhance the customer satisfaction as superior waiting experiences will, in turn, enhance customers overall satisfaction with the service provider. Information provided in case of delay (Hui and Tse, 1996; Antonides et al., 2002) and the characteristics of waiting environment (Pruyn and Smidts, 1998) determine the customers waiting time satisfaction. According to Maister (1985) any information regarding delay can reduce the uncertainty of wait and reduce the overall stress level of the customer. As mentioned by Baker and Cameron (1996) the service environment influences the affective aspect of the waiting times. Also Pruyn and Smidts (1998) show that perceived attractiveness of the environment positively influences the affective response to the wait and service satisfaction in addition to the appraisal of the wait. But satisfaction with the information provided in case of delays influence waiting time satisfaction more than waiting environment satisfaction (Frederic and Nathalie, 2007). The customers waiting time can be influenced by making the service environment comfortable as possible (Baker and Cameron, 1996). Future directions for research Since the current study focuses on the influence of waiting time on customer satisfaction at various stages of the service transformation process, the exact degree of satisfaction is unclear from the study. Davis and Maggard (1990) argue that in a two stage service process, stage one requires priority where customer waits before being served. Future research is required to assess the degree of priority in the various stages of service process.

The Evil Eye in The Tell-Tale Heart Essay -- Tell-Tale Heart Essays

The Evil Eye in The Tell-Tale Heart  Ã‚        Ã‚   In Edgar Allen Poe's Short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" much is made of the "evil eye" of the old man. Immediately we are introduced to a man who would never hurt a fly. The narrator of the story even goes so far as to say he loved the old man. This old man is portrayed as one who would do anything for you. However, the caretaker of the old man has one small problem with the old man. The eye that darn evil eye! What could cause a person to become enraged by an eye and only one eye?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Martha Womack stated that the violence comes from an irrational fear represented through the old man's eye. "The belief in the evil eye dates back to ancient times, and even today, is fairly common in India and the countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. References are made to it in Jewish, Islamic, Buddhist and Hindu faiths" (Poedecoder). Womack goes on to compare the "evil eye" to a Medusa type object that is being able to harm a person just by looking at them. This comparison goes to support my theory of a God like entity within the eye of the old man.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many people have attempted to rationalize the meaning of the single "evil eye." Some people have attempted to relate the old man to a Cyclops. However, I see this eye from a Christian point of view. The eye is not "evil" in the sense of the devil instead in my humble opinion it is the eye of God. I agreed with B. D. Tucker. The first thing I attempted to do, was relate the Cyclops theory however, this did not sit well with me. The reason the Cyclops theory does not fit the story is that in the second paragraph Poe writes, "One of his eyes resembled that of a vulture" (Kennedy 34). The mythical Greek creature had only o... ...deas for what the story could represent. After studying the "Evil eye" in this story, I have no doubt that the eye is that of God. Work Cited Benfey, Christopher. "Poe and the Unreadable: 'The Black Cat' and 'The Tell-Tale Heart " New Essays on poe's Major Tales viii (1993): 27-43 Canario, John W. "The Dream in 'The Tell-Tale Heart." English-Language-Notes 7 (1970): 194-97 Great Seal. Homepage 1 March 2001. Great Seal. 5 July 2001 Kennedy, X. J., 7th ed. An Introduction to Fiction. NewYork: Longman, 1998: 33-7 The Poe Decoder. Home page. 12 April 2001.   The Poe Decoder. 5 July 2001 www.poedecoder.com> Robinson, E. Arthur. "Thoreau and the deathwatch in Poe's 'The Tell-Tale Heart." Poe-Studies 4:1 (1971): 14-6 Tucker, B. D. "The Tell-Tale Heart and the Evil Eye." Southern-Literary-Journal 13:2 (1981 Spring): 92-8

Pride and Prejudice Essay

Successful Marriage l: Biography Looked upon as being one of the most influential and popular writers during the romantic period, Jane Austen published many romance novels, such as her most famous, Pride and Prejudice. Austen focused her writings on the importance of â€Å"romantic love as a true happiness to marriage† (Olsen 426). Having not experienced marriage, Jane often based her stories off of her familys romance. Jane was born into a middle class family with very little income; Jane used her lack of money to inspire new novels. She mainly focused her novels over social standings and how love is haracterized as true happiness. Her focus on love began when her siblings married for money rather than love. Austen strived to fix the many family issues by creating â€Å"fairy tale stories† ending â€Å"happily with the heroines marrying the men they loved† (Ruth 50). Jane Austen wrote her novels around the controversy of whether love should be based upon increasing one’s â€Å"social status† or â€Å"falling in love† (Bernard 34). Jane creates romance novels to replace the love that’s missing in her life. From growing up in a poor family Jane rarely received the opportunity to find love and arry a suitable husband, giving her thoughts and dreams of what her life would be like if she found marriage through love. Austen’s novels portray that marriage shouldn’t be based upon personal wishes such as money or class, but for one to be happy one should find love. In the novel, Pride and Prejudice, the author shows that despite social pressure, for a marriage to be successful it must be based upon love. II: Pride and Prejudice The novel Pride and Prejudice is surrounded with young couples and the issue of marriage through social class and public opinion. Many critics follow Jane Austen’s heme that love builds to create a happy successful marriage. The critic Bilal Hasan follows Austen’s theme and supports the theory that one shouldn’t marry for money if they plan on being happy. Also, he believes that â€Å"through their relationship Jane Austen shows that a hasty marriage based on superficial qualities looks and leads to unhappiness† (Hasan). Both supporting Jane’s theme over happy marriage, the critic Rachel Davies uses the qualities of Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth’s love to show a successful marriage. â€Å"Darcy and Elizabeth’s love is genuine, existing despite social arriers† (Davies). Davies relates Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth’s marriage to the marriage of Charlotte and Mr. Collins, comparing that due to the burden Charlotte held on her family, she created a limit to finding love. Charlotte became a â€Å"burden to her family’ when she became the age not very few men adored to marry; she hadn’t found love and caused her to marry for money (Olsen 425). Austen chooses to influence all the characters to show their struggles between them, providing that they all come to the reality that â€Å"without money, it is probable marriage will not happen† (Disney). Many focus on the differences in financial status when finding marriage. A woman who is a burden would more like to marry a man of wealthy class without caring whether she was in love. The character Elizabeth Bennet money. Jane Austen writes that for a man to best show his love for a woman, he would ask for her hand in the next dance at the ball. Money divides real love and incites false love initially in Pride and Prejudice. Love is shown to demolish the seeming impossibility of Darcy and Elizabeth’s marriage† (Davies). She does believe that there is a relation between love and money in marriage. Money to some she believes, can buy happiness, but love overpowers money and creates a strong everlasting bond in a marriage, while money can be lost. An example would be â€Å"when Darcy pays Wickham to marry Lydia, thus giving Elizabeth feelings towards Darcy for caring for her family’ (Davies). Austen herself faced the issues of money on marriage, creating a similar character named Charlotte. Despite that Austen never was forced to choose to marry for money instead of love; Jane created Charlotte in comparison how they both became a burden to their families. Charlotte later in Pride and Prejudice marries Mr. Collins, only to simply please her parents and â€Å"secure herself financially’, creating an unhappy marriage and making them â€Å"the darkest note in the novel† (Paris 34). By choosing to marry Mr. Collins, Charlotte increased her social status by removing herself from a burden to her family any longer. People cannot always fall in love where they choose, but their choice of a marriage partner should not be governed primarily by concerns for money or status† (Paris 34). Both critics Davies and Hasan support Jane’s theme, that love is the key to a successful happy marriage. Hasty marriages acting on impulse and based on superficial qualitie s will not survive and will lead to unhappiness† (Hasan). Davies continues to discuss the importance of marriage based upon love, yet also follows that money contributes to creating a happy marriage. There are very few critics who can argue that Austen doesn’t show that love creates a bond for successful marriage. Yet at the same time, arguing with her opinion, Jane states that money is also important in finding marriage. â€Å"Neither Elizabeth nor Colonel Fitzwilliam would marry for money, but they must hope to fall n love with someone who has money’ (Paris 34). Many women during the eighteenth century didn’t receive any of their familys money or dowries after the death of their father. Having no money caused many to search for a suitable wealthy husband, with the small hope of finding love in the process. The critic Katie Disney argues that Austen does not suggest the theme that love is the most important, but â€Å"shows her obvious unhappiness with the way marriages work† (Disney). The conversation between Mr. and Mrs. Bennet shows their desire to quickly marry their five daughters to rich well-known men. With higher class came the responsibility to find a wife similar to their class and share the wealth among their families. â€Å"It is truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife† (Austen 1). Jane makes clear that wealthy men of a higher class sought to find a bride similar to them. Yet, Jane contradicts her belief by making Mr. Darcy fall in love with Elizabeth Bennet, a lower middle class woman: â€Å"He is so much in love, however, that he decides to make a social sacrifice for the sake of personal satisfaction† (Paris 35). To most, money is seen as a necessary possession, but also is used to secure ones financial future: â€Å"Money in Pride and Prejudice is used to buy one’s way, or marry one’s way, to a higher social rank† (Copeland 74). There is no ruling that marriage should be solely founded either on love or money. Women are seen as the main audience of Pride and Prejudice, and as we grow up, we become planted with the notion of â€Å"ending happily ever after. † Love is always a major theme in every fairy tale; either a prince rescues the princess and they fall madly in love or the girl finds her true love and is destined to live a happy life. The novel Pride and Prejudice is seen by many as one of the most famous fairy tales. Jane Austen creates the novel based upon her dreams of what her life could be. A fairy tale doesn’t always consist of witches and dragons, yet Austen creates characters who share similar characteristics. The character Lady Catherine shares the qualities of an evil witch who wishes happiness for none but herself. Austen creates Lady Catherine as a wealthy woman of high society who looks down to everyone, believing that marriage should remain within the family and love is unimportant. Pride and Prejudice can be related to a fairy tale not only for its characters but for its happy ending. The novel can be compared to one of the most known fairy tales, Cinderella. Mr. Darcy is the wealthy sophisticated prince who falls in love with the maiden, Elizabeth Bennet. Elizabeth fantasizes of one day finding the man of her dreams. Another comparison to Cinderella would be that Elizabeth as well as Cinderella is first introduced to her future husband at a ball. Also, both female characters at first play hard to get. In the beginning Elizabeth is disgusted by Mr. Darcy and his arrogance towards those of lower class. Social status was important in the eighteenth century; many women were born into lower class but were not accepted into society unless they married a wealthy man. Yet, in the end Elizabeth falls madly in love with Darcy and of course they live â€Å"happily ever after† Just like in a fairy tale. Even in animated movies today such as Shrek, the fairy tale romance of living happily ever after exists. The main character Shrek, in this movie is in much relation to Elizabeth due to their social standings. Both have little to offer for those of higher class such as Darcy or Fiona. Despite the fact that she is also an ogre, Fiona is the daughter of the King and Queen. Even though their social standards are very different they are able to overcome this because of their strong love they have for each other. In the end of the movie, Shrek leaves the audience with the allusion of this couple living happily ever after. Not everyone searches for love and many don’t believe they will every fall in love. Often we wonder if love can truly be the answer to one’s happiness. In many ways love is unknown, but we must open our heart to possible opportunities. Yes fairy tales can be thought of as make believe, but they also provide a base for a life e can all hope and dream about. Like Pride and Prejudice all of Jane Austen’s novels follow the theme of love conquering all. Austen created her novels based upon the dreams and life she never had. Much like her characters, Austen dreamed of falling madly in love and living happily ever after. All of Austen’s books leave female readers with the hope of finding their true soul mate. Reading a Jane Austen novel is a way to escape everyday pressures and explore a world of love and passion. Many couples today must overcome the obstacles of social pressure and money; however successful marriages are based upon love.